The previous episode affirmed that the Muslim view of paradise is largely informed by the pleasures of this world, and this emphasis is understandable, given Allah's unknowable nature. Another bi-product of Islam's unknowable god is the exaltation of Mohammed himself. Just as nature abhors a vacuum, so Muslims gravitate to knowable figures in Islam, since the knowledge of Allah is lacking. This episode looks at Muhammed, the example for Muslims of submission to Allah. A cursory reading of the Quran and Hadiths conveys Mohammed as an astute warrior and politician who used worldly means to attain worldly ends. Murdering, lying, assassination and pillaging mark Muhammed's rise to power in the Arabian peninsula. Christians and Jews either converted or "felt themselves subdued" in the form of a tax. Jihad, or holy war, was the obligation of every Muslim in combatting active resistance to Islam. Islam is fundamentally a religion of this world, and Muslims are given divine sanction in the example of Muhammed to advance the religion using worldly means, even violating ethical norms. Given the unknowable nature of Allah, who is both the author of good and evil, moral ambivalence in Muhammed and those who follow his example should not be surprising. Submitting to Allah's will, not His nature (since it cannot be known) is the goal of Islam. Since Allah himself is not tethered to "the good," and Muhammed himself set the example of setting aside moral boundaries in the name of Allah, the average Muslim can justifiably do the same.
A Sensual Vision vs. The Beatific Vision
The sensual paradise portrayed in Islam is a logical outgrowth of the unknowability of Allah. Absent the knowledge of God, descriptions of the afterlife in the The Quran and Hadith (traditions of Mohammed)i naturally abound with the knowable pleasures of this life: endless sexual outlets for men (always with virgins whose "virginity" is somehow renewed), and bountiful sumptuous food and wine (with no negative aftereffects). This depiction differs markedly with the heaven of Christians, where the beatific vision is the highest reward and pleasure. "We will be like Him, because we will see Him just as He is." (1 John 3:2) "This hope fixed on Him" isn't just realized with the knowledge of God--it comes with "collateral blessing," the transformation of believers into the very likeness of God. The pursuit of God and His likeness highlights how different Christianity is with Islam--a religion whose vision of sensual paradise points to its true origin, the world. Christ, whose kingdom is not of this world (John 18:36) seeks to satisfy mankind's "eternal itch," that of knowing God and looking like Him. "We all with unveiled face, are beholding as in a mirror the glory of the Lord, we are being transformed into that very same image, from glory to glory." (2 Corinthians 3:18)
Do You KNOW the God You Worship?
The ultimate goals of Christianity and Islam couldn't be more different. The goal of Islam is fundamentally submission to Allah: Islam means submission to God, and a Muslim is one who submits. While Christianity teaches that Christians should submit to the Lordship of Jesus Christ, the ultimate aim of Christianity is the knowledge of God: "This is eternal life, that they may know you the one true God and Jesus Christ whom you have sent." (John 17:3) Redemption, reconciliation with God through Jesus Christ, is the necessary stepping stone to attaining the knowledge of God. In fact, "mere forgiveness" without the knowledge of God corresponds to the stage of "a little child" (1 John 2:12-14) Sins are forgiven, but new converts are expected to grow into fathers, "who know Him who has been from the beginning." This intimate knowledge of God, grounded in the Truth, which is Christ Himself, leads to "sincere worship." (John 4:23-24) Christ presumed that true worship is based on genuine knowledge, for "we worship what we know." (John 4:22) False worship, by contrast, is adherence to beliefs and traditions not grounded in the Truth. In the case of Islam, "worship" is submission to an unknowable god called Allah. Indeed, the demand to submit to a god who cannot be known should alert Muslims to the nefarious presence informing Islam. Interestingly, Mohammed himself thought he was demon-possessed after his violent encounter with an "angel of light"-- Gabriel.
Christianity and Islam: Starting Points and Goals
This episode contrasts Christianity with Islam in the themes of sin, salvation and ultimate goals. Muslims believe that all people are born without a propensity to sin (original sin) but are corrupted by the world when they engage in idolatry. Salvation then is renouncing idolatry by embracing Islam, the goal of which is submission to Allah. Christianity by contrast insists all mankind is born predisposed against God and the knowledge of God, and pursues a life of idolatry as a result of his rejection of the knowledge of God. (Romans 1:18-25) In salvation, the Christian repents of self-idolatry, putting his faith in Christ as the sin substitute who bore his sin and gave him His righteousness. He receives a new heart in regeneration, one that delights in the knowledge of God, as the Holy Spirit progressively conforms him into the image [knowledge] of Christ. Both Christianity and Islam renounce idolatry and promote total submission to God, but the starting points and end goals are very different, largely based on acceptance/rejection of original sin and the knowability of God Himself.
The Unknowable God of Islam
This episode unpacks the implications of Islamic agnosticism. Since Allah is wholly other, and even descriptions of His attributes in the Quran don't point to His essence (notwithstanding Sunni repackaging of Tahwid), Muslims are called to worship an unknowable god. Consequently the Quran is a guide for Muslims containing descriptions of what God does divorced from what He is. The 99 names of Allah, for instance, reveals sometimes contradictory attributes of God based on what He does, but this is not a problem since Allah's "wholly other" essence is not informed by His attributes. The episode also cites the Sufi mystical alternative, which seeks to get around the agnostic problem in Islam.
Wait on the Power!
This episode ties identification with Christ's resurrection to the power of that resurrection. The Scriptures abound with descriptions of the transformative power of the Holy Spirit in believers, and this power is actually the same power that rose Christ from the dead. (Eph. 1:19-20) Peter observes that "God's divine power has granted to us everything pertaining to life and godliness." (2 Pet. 1:3) The great hope of the Christian faith is that we ultimately don't depend on ourselves to mature ourselves into the likeness of Christ, we abide in Christ and wait till His power transforms us. As we identify with Christ's death, we reckon ourselves dead to sin. We wait for God to transform us, and we experience burial, sometimes an extended period of time in which we see little change, but in faith we persistently shove the rotting corpse of the flesh back into the ground. Then, in God's time, "light rises in the darkness for the upright." (Psalm 112:4) Resurrection power, the same power that rose Christ from the dead, invigorates and animates our souls, expanding our capacity for the divine life, even to the point where Paul says "we are filled up with all the fulness of God." (Eph. 3:19) Giving all glory to God, Paul concludes that "we have this treasure in earthen containers, so that the extraordinary greatness of the power will be of God and not from ourselves." (2 Cor. 4:7)
Born Again through the Resurrection of Christ
This episode begins with the question, "what evidence is there in your life that the resurrection of Christ actually occurred?" The answer is simply the presence of zoe life, characterized by the born again experience. Regeneration ushered in life on a higher plane. Zoe life refers to life in the Spirit where believers are connected to God through the indwelling Holy Spirit. This is the life that Jesus referred to in John 10:10: "I would that you have life, and that more abundantly." Zoe life was made available with the resurrection of Christ: once Jesus is glorified, "rivers of living water" spring up among those who put their faith in Christ. (John 7:38-39) This spiritual life contrasts with mere bios life, the biological life that all humanity partakes of. One proof of the resurrection of Christ is then the presence of zoe life among Christians who themselves have experienced spiritual resurrection. They are born again saints "alive from the dead," who have partaken of the life-giving Spirit of Christ. (Heb. 7:16)