Tag: Isaiah 63:10

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The Trinity Revealed in the Old Testament

In addition to rehashing several Old Testament passages on the personhood of the Holy Spirit, this episode cites three passages from Isaiah where every member of the godhead is present in the same verse. Isaiah 42:1 declares "I [God the Father] have put my Spirit[God the Holy Spirit] upon Him[God the Son]." A godhead without distinctions makes no sense, and Isaiah 48:16 also bears this out, "And the Lord God has sent Me, and His Spirit." The "Me" refers to the Messiah, the suffering Servant, who together with the Holy Spirit, are sent by God the Father. Finally, in a passage quoted by Christ Himself (Isaiah 61:1) (Luke 4:18-19), Isaiah declares, "The Spirit of the Lord God is upon me.." All three persons of the Trinity are present, and the Christian doctrine of 3 persons comprising one God finds its roots solidly in the Old Testament.

The Personhood of the Holy Spirit

This episode surveys references in the Old Testament to the Holy Spirit, ultimately arguing that many can not be explained by appealing to the personification of God's creative activity. Instead of finding distinctive persons in the Godhead, Jews typically understand references to God's Spirit as poetic expressions of God's working in creation, as seen in Gen 1:2 , where the Spirit of God hovering over the waters signals the beginning of creation week. The personification argument is however unconvincingly in light of several verses that ascribe indisputable qualities of personhood to the Spirit's activity. The Spirit grieves (Isaiah 63:10) and instructs (Nehemiah 9:20), and Micah even queries if He is "impatient." (Micah 2:7) Some verses draw distinctions within the Godhead: prophets speak the words of the Lord that are sent "by His Spirit." (Zechariah 7:12) Interpreting the "Spirit" of God as merely the personification of God's power or creative activity doesn't square with descriptions of personhood and the Spirit's apparent distinct presence within the godhead. The Biblical evidence of the personhood of the Holy Spirit is of course very relevant to the question, whether Jews and Christians "believe" in the same god.